304 / X5CrNi18-10 vs 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2: 80% composition overlap. Some similarities but notable differences in alloying elements.
304 / X5CrNi18-10 vs 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2
Side-by-side chemical composition and mechanical property comparison.
Overview
304 / X5CrNi18-10
1.4301
The world's most widely used stainless steel — the original 18/8 austenitic. Good corrosion resistance in atmospheric, organic, and inorganic environments. Excellent formability and weldability. Not recommended for chloride-rich or marine environments (use 316L). Used in food processing, kitchen equipment, architecture, tanks, and general engineering.
316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2
1.4401
Standard-carbon austenitic stainless steel with molybdenum. Higher C than 316L (max 0.07% vs 0.03%) giving slightly higher strength. Same corrosion resistance as 316L. Used where welding is not required or post-weld solution annealing is possible.
| 304 / X5CrNi18-10 | 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Material Number | 1.4301 | 1.4401 |
| Category | Stainless Steel | Stainless Steel |
| Standard | EN 10088-2 | EN 10088-2 |
Chemical composition (wt%)
| Element | 304 / X5CrNi18-10 | 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0–0.07% | 0–0.07% | OK |
| Si | 0–1% | 0–1% | OK |
| Mn | 0–2% | 0–2% | OK |
| P | 0–0.045% | 0–0.045% | OK |
Mechanical properties
| Property | 304 / X5CrNi18-10 | 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| tensile_strength | 500–700 | 530–680 | MPa |
| yield_strength | ≥ 190 | ≥ 220 | MPa |
| elongation | ≥ 45 | ≥ 40 | % |
Compatibility Assessment
304 / X5CrNi18-10 and 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2 share some characteristics (80% overlap) but have notable differences. They may be substitutable in some applications but not all. Verify suitability carefully.
Automated assessment based on composition analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 304 / X5CrNi18-10 the same as 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2?
304 / X5CrNi18-10 and 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2 have a 80% composition overlap. For most purposes, they can be considered similar.
Can I replace 304 / X5CrNi18-10 with 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2?
In many cases, yes. The compositions overlap significantly (80%). However, always verify mechanical property requirements and heat treatment compatibility for your specific application.
What is the difference between 304 / X5CrNi18-10 and 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2?
The main differences are in the following elements: Cr, Ni. 304 / X5CrNi18-10 is a Stainless Steel grade, while 316 / X5CrNiMo17-12-2 is a Stainless Steel grade.
Related Comparisons
View full data for each material:
Data provided for reference only. Always verify against the applicable specification for critical applications.
All data is for reference only. Equivalents indicate similarity, not identity. Always verify against the applicable specification for safety-critical applications. materialref.com accepts no liability for decisions based on this data.