316L vs X5CrNi18-10: 304 vs 316L — Mo addition in 316L gives pitting resistance
316L vs X5CrNi18-10
Side-by-side chemical composition and mechanical property comparison.
Overview
316L
1.4404
Low-carbon austenitic stainless steel with molybdenum addition. Superior corrosion resistance to 304, especially against chlorides and pitting. Standard choice for chemical processing, marine, medical implants, and pharmaceutical equipment.
X5CrNi18-10
1.4301
THE most widely used stainless steel worldwide — the original "18/8" austenitic (V2A). Good corrosion resistance in natural environments (water, humidity, weak acids). Non-magnetic when annealed. NOT resistant to intergranular corrosion after welding — use 1.4307 (304L) or 1.4541 (321) for welded service. PREN 17.5-21.1 — not suitable for chloride/seawater. Used everywhere: kitchen equipment, food processing, architecture, chemical tanks, automotive, medical devices.
| 316L | X5CrNi18-10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Material Number | 1.4404 | 1.4301 |
| Category | Stainless Steel | Stainless Steel |
| Standard | EN 10088-2 | EN 10088-3 |
Chemical composition (wt%)
| Element | 316L | X5CrNi18-10 | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0–0.03% | 0–0.07% | OK |
| Si | 0–1% | 0–1% | OK |
| Mn | 0–2% | 0–2% | OK |
| P | 0–0.045% | 0–0.045% | OK |
Mechanical properties
| Property | 316L | X5CrNi18-10 | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| tensile_strength | 520–680 | 500–700 | MPa |
| yield_strength | ≥ 220 | ≥ 190 | MPa |
| elongation | ≥ 40 | ≥ 45 | % |
Compatibility Assessment
1.4301 (304) is the cheapest austenitic — adequate for natural environments. 1.4404 (316L) adds 2% Mo for dramatically better pitting and crevice resistance (PREN 24 vs 18). 316L costs ~25% more. Choose 304 for indoor/freshwater; 316L for chlorides/chemical/marine.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 316L the same as X5CrNi18-10?
316L and X5CrNi18-10 have a 70% composition overlap. 304 vs 316L — Mo addition in 316L gives pitting resistance
Can I replace 316L with X5CrNi18-10?
In many cases, yes. The compositions overlap significantly (70%). However, always verify mechanical property requirements and heat treatment compatibility for your specific application.
What is the difference between 316L and X5CrNi18-10?
The main differences are in the following elements: Cr, Ni. 316L is a Stainless Steel grade, while X5CrNi18-10 is a Stainless Steel grade.
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