C20
1.0402Low-carbon unalloyed steel for case hardening (carburizing). 0.17-0.23% C gives a tough core with a hard, wear-resistant surface after carburizing + quenching. The simplest and cheapest case-hardening steel. Used for pins, bushings, cam followers, light-duty gears, and general machine parts where a hard surface with tough core is needed. ≈ AISI 1020.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 | AISI | USA | AISI 1020 | — | REF |
| 🇪🇺 | EN | Europe | C20 / C22E (case hardening use) | 1.0402 | 100% |
Sources: ASTM A29, EN 10084
Mechanical properties — Pro
Normalized
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ||
| Yield Strength | ||
| Elongation | ||
| Elastic Modulus | ||
| Density |
Case Hardened
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HRC |
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S355JR
1.0045High-strength low-alloy structural steel with minimum yield strength of 355 MPa. Standard grade for bridges, buildings, cranes, and general structural applications. Impact tested at +20°C (JR).
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