PTFE (Teflon)
Polytetrafluoroethylene — the most chemically resistant polymer. Lowest friction coefficient of any solid material (~0.05-0.10). Service range -240°C to +260°C continuous. Cannot be melt-processed — must be sintered from powder (like ceramics). Very low mechanical strength. Trade name Teflon (Chemours/DuPont). Used for seals, gaskets, bearings, non-stick coatings, chemical reactor linings, electrical insulation, and lab equipment.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISO | INT | PTFE | — | REF | |
| 🇺🇸 | ASTM | USA | ASTM D4894 / D4895 | — | 100% |
Sources: ISO 12086, ASTM D4894
Mechanical properties — Pro
Sintered
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ||
| Elongation | ||
| Elastic Modulus | ||
| Density | ||
| Melting Point | ||
| Continuous Use Temp | ||
| friction_coefficient | ||
| Water Absorption (24h) |
General
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ||
| Tensile Modulus | ||
| Elongation at Break | ||
| Density | ||
| Melting Point | ||
| Continuous Use Temp | ||
| Coefficient of Friction | ||
| Dielectric Constant (1MHz) | ||
| Water Absorption (24h) |
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EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber)
Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber — THE outdoor/weather elastomer. Saturated backbone gives outstanding ozone, UV, and weathering resistance. Excellent resistance to steam, hot water, and polar solvents. NOT resistant to oils/fuels (opposite of NBR). Good electrical insulation. ρ 0.85-1.3 (lightest common rubber). Used for automotive door/window seals, roofing membranes, radiator hoses, HVAC gaskets, and pond liners.
Epoxy/Carbon Fiber (CFRP)
Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy — the benchmark structural composite material. Unidirectional ply: tensile strength 1500–2000 MPa, modulus 120–150 GPa at density 1.55 g/cm³ (5x stronger than steel at 1/5 the weight). Quasi-isotropic layup: UTS ~600 MPa, E ~50 GPa. Autoclave-cured prepreg (aerospace) or infusion/RTM (industrial). Used in aerospace primary structures (fuselage, wings), Formula 1 chassis, bicycle frames, wind turbine blades, pressure vessels (Type IV) and high-end sporting goods. Fiber types: T300, T700, T800, M40J, M55J.
FKM (Fluoroelastomer / Viton)
Fluoroelastomer — THE high-temperature and chemical-resistant rubber. Outstanding resistance to oils, fuels, acids, and solvents at temperatures up to 200°C (short-term 230°C). Fluorine content (64-70%) determines chemical resistance. Trade names: Viton (Chemours), Tecnoflon (Solvay), Dai-El (Daikin). 5-10x more expensive than NBR. Used for aerospace fuel seals, chemical process seals, automotive fuel injector O-rings, semiconductor processing, and any seal exposed to aggressive chemicals at high temperature.
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