X12Cr13
1.4006Basic martensitic stainless steel with 12% chromium — the DIN/EN designation for AISI 410. Heat-treatable to a wide range of mechanical properties from soft-annealed (≤730 MPa) to quenched and tempered (650–850 MPa in QT650). Good scaling resistance up to 650°C. Used for cutlery, surgical instruments, turbine blades, shafts, bolts, valve components, and pump parts. Machinability similar to carbon steels at same hardness.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 | AISI | USA | AISI 410 | S41000 | REF |
| 🇯🇵 | JIS | Japan | SUS 410 | — | 98% |
Sources: ASTM A276, JIS G4303
Chemical composition comparison (wt%)
Side-by-side: X12Cr13 (EN) (EN 10088-2:2005) vs SUS 410 (JIS)
| Element | X12Cr13 (EN) | SUS 410 (JIS) | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0.08–0.15% | — | — |
| Si | ≤ 1% | — | — |
| Mn | ≤ 1.5% | — | — |
| P | ≤ 0.04% | — | — |
| S | ≤ 0.015% | — | — |
| Cr | 11.5–13.5% | — | — |
| Ni | ≤ 0.75% | — | — |
Mechanical properties
QT
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 650–850 | MPa |
| Yield Strength | ≥ 450 | MPa |
| Elongation | ≥ 15 | % |
| Hardness HB | 195–250 | HB |
| Density | ≥ 7.7 | g/cm3 |
| Elastic Modulus | ≥ 215 | GPa |
Annealed
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ≤ 730 | MPa |
| Hardness HB | ≤ 220 | HB |
Heat treatment
| Process | Temperature | Medium | Holding Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| quenching | 950–1050 °C | air | — | Air or oil quench |
| tempering | 680–780 °C | air | — | QT650 condition |
| annealing | 750–800 °C | furnace | — | Soft annealing ≤220 HB |
Compatibility verdict
X12Cr13 and SUS 410: 98% composition match
Close equivalents but NOT identical.
Related materials
304 Stainless Steel
1.4301The most widely used austenitic stainless steel. Excellent corrosion resistance, good formability and weldability. Standard choice for food processing, chemical, and architectural applications.
316L
1.4404Low-carbon austenitic stainless steel with molybdenum addition. Superior corrosion resistance to 304, especially against chlorides and pitting. Standard choice for chemical processing, marine, medical implants, and pharmaceutical equipment.
430 Stainless Steel
1.4016Ferritic chromium stainless steel with good corrosion resistance and formability. Lower cost than austenitic grades. Used for automotive trim, kitchen sinks, architectural panels, and appliance components.
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