X5CrNi18-10 vs 316L: 304 vs 316L — Mo addition in 316L gives pitting resistance
X5CrNi18-10 vs 316L
Side-by-side chemical composition and mechanical property comparison.
Overview
X5CrNi18-10
1.4301
THE most widely used stainless steel worldwide — the original "18/8" austenitic (V2A). Good corrosion resistance in natural environments (water, humidity, weak acids). Non-magnetic when annealed. NOT resistant to intergranular corrosion after welding — use 1.4307 (304L) or 1.4541 (321) for welded service. PREN 17.5-21.1 — not suitable for chloride/seawater. Used everywhere: kitchen equipment, food processing, architecture, chemical tanks, automotive, medical devices.
316L
1.4404
Low-carbon austenitic stainless steel with molybdenum addition. Superior corrosion resistance to 304, especially against chlorides and pitting. Standard choice for chemical processing, marine, medical implants, and pharmaceutical equipment.
| X5CrNi18-10 | 316L | |
|---|---|---|
| Material Number | 1.4301 | 1.4404 |
| Category | Stainless Steel | Stainless Steel |
| Standard | EN 10088-3 | EN 10088-2 |
Chemical composition (wt%)
| Element | X5CrNi18-10 | 316L | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0–0.07% | 0–0.03% | OK |
| Si | 0–1% | 0–1% | OK |
| Mn | 0–2% | 0–2% | OK |
| P | 0–0.045% | 0–0.045% | OK |
Mechanical properties
| Property | X5CrNi18-10 | 316L | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| tensile_strength | 500–700 | 520–680 | MPa |
| yield_strength | ≥ 190 | ≥ 220 | MPa |
| elongation | ≥ 45 | ≥ 40 | % |
Compatibility Assessment
1.4301 (304) is the cheapest austenitic — adequate for natural environments. 1.4404 (316L) adds 2% Mo for dramatically better pitting and crevice resistance (PREN 24 vs 18). 316L costs ~25% more. Choose 304 for indoor/freshwater; 316L for chlorides/chemical/marine.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is X5CrNi18-10 the same as 316L?
X5CrNi18-10 and 316L have a 70% composition overlap. 304 vs 316L — Mo addition in 316L gives pitting resistance
Can I replace X5CrNi18-10 with 316L?
In many cases, yes. The compositions overlap significantly (70%). However, always verify mechanical property requirements and heat treatment compatibility for your specific application.
What is the difference between X5CrNi18-10 and 316L?
The main differences are in the following elements: Cr, Ni. X5CrNi18-10 is a Stainless Steel grade, while 316L is a Stainless Steel grade.
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