20MnCr5
1.7147Manganese-chromium case-hardening steel with higher core strength than 16MnCr5. Used for heavily loaded gears, shafts, camshafts, and transmission components requiring high surface hardness with tough core. Popular in automotive and heavy machinery.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 | AISI | USA | AISI 5120 | G51200 | REF |
| 🇪🇺 | EN | Europe | 20MnCr5 | 1.7147 | 100% |
| 🇨🇳 | GB | China | 20CrMn | — | 90% |
| 🇯🇵 | JIS | Japan | SCr420 | — | 85% |
Sources: ASTM A29, EN 10084:2008, GB/T 3077, JIS G4104
Chemical composition comparison (wt%)
Side-by-side: 20MnCr5 (EN) (EN 10084:2008) vs 20CrMn (GB)
| Element | 20MnCr5 (EN) | 20CrMn (GB) | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0.17–0.22% | — | — |
| Si | 0–0.4% | — | — |
| Mn | 1.1–1.4% | — | — |
| P | 0–0.025% | — | — |
| S | 0–0.035% | — | — |
| Cr | 1–1.3% | — | — |
Mechanical properties
Carburized QT
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HRC | 58–62 | HRC |
| Tensile Strength | 900–1200 | MPa |
As Received
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HB | ≤ 217 | HB |
| Elastic Modulus | ≥ 210 | GPa |
| Density | ≥ 7.85 | g/cm3 |
Heat treatment
| Process | Temperature | Medium | Holding Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| carburizing | 880–930 °C | — | Depends on case depth | Gas or pack carburizing. Typical case depth 0.8-2.0mm |
| quenching | 810–840 °C | oil | min 30 min | Direct quench or reheat quench |
| tempering | 150–200 °C | air | 60-120 min | Low-temperature temper to preserve surface hardness |
| annealing | 650–700 °C | furnace | Several hours | Soft annealing before machining |
Compatibility verdict
20MnCr5 and 20CrMn: 90% composition match
Close equivalents but NOT identical.
Related materials
50CrV4
1.8160Chromium-vanadium spring/tool steel — identical alloy system to 51CrV4 (1.8159) but recognized as a separate grade in some standards. Dual use: heavy-duty springs (EN 10089) AND cold work tools (knives, shear blades). V improves temper resistance and grain refinement. UTS 1200-1500 QT. Used for heavy leaf springs, stabilizer bars, torsion bars, and cold work cutting tools.
51CrMoV4
1.7701CrMoV alloyed spring steel — THE European automotive suspension spring material. CrMo gives deep hardenability for large coil springs, V adds grain refinement and secondary hardening for fatigue resistance. UTS 1350-1600 MPa QT. Used for hot-formed coil springs (cars, trucks), leaf springs, torsion bars, and stabilizer bars. Excellent sag resistance to 200°C.
25CrMo4
1.7218Medium-carbon chromium-molybdenum steel with good toughness and weldability. Used for seamless tubes, pressure vessels, aircraft structural parts, and automotive components. Better weldability than 42CrMo4 due to lower carbon.
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