X40CrMoV5-1
1.2344THE hot work tool steel — AISI H13 / JIS SKD61. 5% Cr + Mo + V for outstanding thermal fatigue resistance, red hardness above 40 HRC at 600°C, and excellent toughness. Air-hardening — uniform hardness in large sections with minimal distortion. Used for aluminum/zinc die casting dies, extrusion dies, forging dies, hot shear blades, and plastic molds. ESR grade available for critical applications.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 | AISI | USA | AISI H13 / UNS T20813 | T20813 | REF |
| 🇪🇺 | EN | Europe | X40CrMoV5-1 / 1.2344 | 1.2344 | 100% |
| 🇯🇵 | JIS | Japan | SKD61 | — | 100% |
| 🇨🇳 | GB | China | 4Cr5MoSiV1 | — | 90% |
Sources: ASTM A681, EN ISO 4957, JIS G4404, GB/T 1299
Chemical composition comparison (wt%)
Side-by-side: X40CrMoV5-1 (EN) (EN ISO 4957) vs 4Cr5MoSiV1 (GB)
| Element | X40CrMoV5-1 (EN) | 4Cr5MoSiV1 (GB) | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0.37–0.43% | — | — |
| Si | 0.8–1.2% | — | — |
| Mn | 0.2–0.5% | — | — |
| P | 0–0.03% | — | — |
| S | 0–0.03% | — | — |
| Cr | 4.8–5.5% | — | — |
| Mo | 1.1–1.5% | — | — |
| V | 0.8–1.2% | — | — |
Mechanical properties
Hardened Tempered
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 1495–1960 | MPa |
| Yield Strength | 1290–1570 | MPa |
| Elongation | 13–15 | % |
| Hardness HRC | 50–56 | HRC |
| Elastic Modulus | ≥ 210 | GPa |
| Density | ≥ 7.8 | g/cm3 |
Annealed
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HB | ≤ 235 | HB |
Annealed
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HB | ≤ 235 | HB |
Hardened + Tempered 550°C
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HRC | 50–53 | HRC |
| Tensile Strength | 1600–1820 | MPa |
Hardened + Tempered 600°C
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HRC | 46–49 | HRC |
General
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.8 | g/cm³ |
Heat treatment
| Process | Temperature | Medium | Holding Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| hardening | 1020–1060 °C | air or oil or vacuum | 30-60 min | Air-hardening — uniform hardness in large sections |
| Soft annealing | 800–850 °C | Furnace cooling | — | Cool 20°C/h to 500°C, then air |
| tempering | 550–650 °C | air | 2x min 1h per 25mm | Double temper mandatory — secondary hardness peak at ~550°C |
| Stress relieving | 600–650 °C | Air | — | Hold 2h, slow cool |
| Hardening | 1020–1060 °C | Air/Oil/Vacuum | — | Hold 15-30 min, air quench preferred |
| Tempering | 550–620 °C | Air | — | Double temper min 1h/25mm, min 50°C above service temp |
Compatibility verdict
X40CrMoV5-1 and 4Cr5MoSiV1: 90% composition match
Close equivalents but NOT identical.
Related materials
P20 / 40CrMnMo7
1.2311Pre-hardened plastic mold steel (usually delivered at 28-34 HRC). The most widely used mold base steel globally. Good machinability in pre-hardened condition, good polishability. Used for injection molds, die-casting dies, extrusion tooling, and structural mold components.
M2 / HS6-5-2
1.3343The most widely used high-speed steel worldwide. W-Mo-Cr-V composition gives excellent red hardness (cuts at temperatures up to 600°C). Used for twist drills, end mills, taps, reamers, bandsaw blades, and general-purpose cutting tools. The benchmark HSS grade.
X45NiCrMo4
1.2767Nickel cold-work tool steel with exceptional toughness from ~4% Ni content. Excellent through-hardenability, polishability, and impact resistance. Used for plastic injection molds (high-gloss), embossing dies, scrap shear blades, punches, cutlery dies, and bending tools.
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