Materials database

Non-alloy structural steel with 355 MPa min yield and 27J impact at 0°C. The "J0" variant between JR (+20°C) and J2 (-20°C). Former designation St52-3U (DIN 17100). Good weldability (CEV ≤0.47). Used for bridges, cranes, buildings, wind turbines, heavy machinery frames, and general structural applications requiring moderate low-temperature toughness.

Structural weathering steel with minimum yield strength 355 MPa and impact testing at 0°C (J0 designation). Same composition and corrosion resistance as S355J2W but with less stringent impact requirements. Forms a self-healing protective patina. Used for general outdoor structural applications, containers, and architectural cladding where extreme low-temperature toughness is not required.

Structural weathering steel with enhanced phosphorus content for accelerated patina formation and superior atmospheric corrosion resistance. Minimum yield strength 355 MPa with impact testing at 0°C. WP designation indicates higher P content (0.06-0.15%) compared to W grades. Available only as flat products up to 12mm thickness. Special welding precautions required due to elevated P. Used for severe atmospheric exposure, coastal (non-marine) structures, architectural facades, and applications requiring rapid patina development.

High-strength structural steel with impact testing at -20°C (J2). Higher toughness than S355JR (tested at +20°C). Used for bridges, crane structures, offshore platforms, and cold-weather applications where impact toughness at sub-zero temperatures is required.

Normalized structural steel with 355 MPa minimum yield strength and J2 impact toughness (27J at -20°C). The normalized delivery condition (+N) ensures refined grain structure and uniform properties throughout the cross-section. Required for EN 1090 execution classes EXC3/EXC4 in structural steelwork. The standard choice for bridges, high-rise frames, crane runways, and wind tower sections where both strength and guaranteed low-temperature toughness are needed. Weldable with CEV typically <0.45.

The most widely used structural weathering steel with minimum yield strength 355 MPa and impact testing at -20°C (J2 designation). Forms a protective patina of stable rust that eliminates the need for painting. Cu, Cr, and P additions provide atmospheric corrosion resistance up to 8 times that of plain carbon steel. Used for unpainted bridges, outdoor sculptures, railway wagons, architectural facades, transmission towers, and containers. Equivalent to ASTM A588 / Corten B.

Structural weathering steel with enhanced phosphorus content for accelerated patina formation and impact testing at -20°C (J2 designation). Same enhanced P content as S355J0WP but with guaranteed low-temperature toughness. Available only as flat products up to 12mm thickness. Used for unpainted bridges, outdoor sculptures, and architectural applications in colder climates where rapid, durable patina formation is desired.

High-strength low-alloy structural steel with minimum yield strength of 355 MPa. Standard grade for bridges, buildings, cranes, and general structural applications. Impact tested at +20°C (JR).

Structural steel with guaranteed Charpy impact at -20°C (KV ≥40J). Same strength as S355J2 (ReH ≥355 MPa) but higher toughness: K2 = 40J at -20°C vs J2 = 27J at -20°C. Used for bridges, crane structures, offshore platforms, and welded structures in cold climates where fracture toughness at low temperature is critical.

High-toughness structural weathering steel with minimum yield strength 355 MPa and impact energy 40J at -20°C (K2 designation). The toughest standard weathering grade, with higher impact requirements than S355J2W (27J). Same atmospheric corrosion resistance. Used for safety-critical unpainted structures in cold climates: bridges, offshore wind foundations, and major infrastructure projects.

Thermomechanically rolled weldable fine-grained structural steel with minimum yield strength 355 MPa. The most widely used TMCP structural steel grade. M designation indicates thermo-mechanical control process delivery. Excellent weldability with low carbon equivalent, eliminating preheating in most cases. Used for bridges, offshore structures, cranes, heavy machinery, wind turbine foundations, and structural hollow sections.

HSLA hot-rolled steel for cold forming. Thermomechanically rolled for fine grain and good formability. The most commonly specified TMCP grade. Used for truck frames, agricultural equipment, crane booms, and structural cold-formed components.

Thermomechanically rolled fine-grain structural steel — ReH >=355 MPa with Charpy at -50°C (KV >=27J). THE workhorse for large welded steel structures in cold environments. TM rolling = low CEV = excellent weldability even in thick plate. Used for offshore platforms, wind turbine towers, bridges, crane structures, and pressure vessels. Most common TM grade by tonnage.

Normalized fine-grain structural steel. Same yield as S355JR/J2 but with guaranteed fine-grain structure from normalizing. Better weldability and impact toughness than standard S355. Used for bridges, cranes, heavy structural steelwork, and pressure vessels where normalized delivery is specified.

Normalized fine-grain structural steel with 355 MPa yield and -50°C impact toughness. The most widely used fine-grain grade in EN 10025-3. Workhorse for offshore, bridges, cranes, and wind turbine towers in cold climates. Better low-temp toughness than S355J2.

Thermomechanically rolled weldable fine-grained structural steel with minimum yield strength 420 MPa. M designation indicates TMCP delivery. Bridges the gap between S355M and S460M, offering a balance of strength, weldability, and cost. Low carbon equivalent minimizes preheating requirements. Used for offshore platforms, bridges, cranes, and heavy construction machinery.

HSLA hot-rolled steel for cold forming. Between S355MC and S500MC in the EN 10149-2 strength ladder. Thermomechanically rolled for fine grain + good formability. Used for truck chassis components, crane booms, agricultural equipment, and structural cold-formed parts.

Thermomechanically rolled fine-grain structural steel — ReH >=420 MPa with Charpy at -50°C (KV >=27J). Between S355ML and S460ML in the TM strength range. Lower CEV than S420N = better weldability. Used for crane booms, offshore structures, bridge girders, and pressure vessels requiring high strength with excellent low-temperature toughness and weldability.

Normalized fine-grain structural steel — ReH >=420 MPa with Charpy at -20°C (KV >=27J). Between S355N and S460N. Fine grain from Al/Nb/V micro-alloying + normalizing. Used for bridges, crane structures, pressure vessels, and heavy structural applications where TM-rolling (ML grades) is not available or where normalizing is required by code.

High-strength normalized fine-grain structural steel. 420 MPa yield with -50°C impact toughness. Between S355NL and S460NL in the strength ladder. Used for bridges, crane structures, pressure vessels, and structural components in cold environments.

Higher-strength structural steel with 450 MPa yield, 0°C impact. Bridges the gap between S355 and S460 in the EN 10025-2 series. Used for heavily loaded structures, crane components, and building steelwork where S355 is insufficient but normalized fine-grain (EN 10025-3) is not required.

Thermomechanically rolled weldable fine-grained structural steel with minimum yield strength 460 MPa. The highest standard strength level in EN 10025-4. M designation indicates TMCP delivery condition. Excellent weldability with low carbon equivalent despite high strength. Used for offshore wind turbine foundations, heavy crane booms, bridge girders, and weight-optimized structural applications. Equivalent to DIN StE460TM.

HSLA hot-rolled steel for cold forming. Between S420MC and S500MC in the EN 10149-2 strength ladder. Thermomechanically rolled for fine grain + good formability at 460 MPa yield. Used for crane booms, truck chassis, heavy agricultural equipment, and load-bearing cold-formed structures.

Thermomechanically rolled fine-grain structural steel — ReH >=460 MPa with Charpy at -50°C (KV >=27J). TM rolling = fine grain without normalizing = higher strength at lower CEV = better weldability than S460N. Used for offshore jackets, heavy crane booms, bridges in cold climates, and large welded structures needing high strength + low-temp toughness.